Author: Inara Pey

Eclectic virtual world blogger with a focus on Second Life, VR, virtual environments and technology.

2024 week #10: SL CCUG summary

Posted on by Inara Pey
Monkey Island, February 2024 – blog post †

The following notes were taken from my audio recording and chat log transcript of the Content Creation User Group (CCUG) meeting held on Thursday, March 7th, 2024.

My apologies for the lateness of this report appearing; right now I have a lot going on in the physical world, and the blog and SL are having to take a back seat through until early April, after which things should start to (hopefully) return to normal.

Meeting Purpose

  • The CCUG meeting is for discussion of work related to content creation in Second Life, including current and upcoming LL projects, and encompasses requests or comments from the community, together with related viewer development work. This meeting is held on alternate Thursdays at Hippotropolis.
  • In regards to meetings:
    • Dates and times are recorded in the SL Public Calendar.
    • Commence at 13:00 SLT on their respective dates.
    • Are conducted in a mix of Voice and text chat.
    • Are open to all with an interest in content creation.
  • The notes herein are a summary of topics discussed and are not intended to be a full transcript of the meeting.

Official Viewers Status

  • The Maintenance-W RC (bug and crash fixes) updated to version 7.1.4.8113624779, on March 6th, 2024.
  • The Maintenance Y RC ( My Outfits folder improvements; ability to remove entries from landmark history + Maint Z RC integration) updated to version 7.1.4.8114240508, March 6, 2024.

Both of the above are at parity with the Emoji release viewer. The rest of the current crop of official viewers remains:

  • Release viewer: version 7.1.3.7878383867, the Emoji Viewer, issued February 15, promoted March 1st, 2024 – NEW.
  • Release channel cohorts (please see my notes on manually installing RC viewer versions if you wish to install any release candidate(s) yourself).
    • glTF PBR Materials Maintenance-2 RC viewer, version 7.1.3.7821226606, February 20, 2024.
    • Maintenance X RC (usability improvements), version 7.1.3.7721015131 , February 14, 2024.
  • Project viewers:

Graphics / glTF

  • Work continues on the GLTF Featurettes viewer, and it is hoped the release on an official project viewer is now not far off. This viewer includes:
    • Geenz Linden’s work on Mirrors, including his latest updates to the capability.
    • Cosmic Linden’s work on applying glTF materials to terrain (currently going through UI bug fixing + this is going to possibly reduce the number of texture repeats in light of 2K textures).
    • Updates which will allow the glTF / PBR swatch boxes in the Build / Edit floater display previews of the materials being selected, rather than grey boxes.
    • The first series of additional glTF extensions – Index of Refraction.
    • Initial work on 2K textures support.
    • Local high dynamic range imaging (HDRI) preview. This will allow content creators to view content in-world under the same HRDI settings as they are using in their tool of choice as a sanity check as SL environments / EEP will render them differently, leading to potential confusion and a belief that the HDRI settings are “wrong”.
    • The nightly builds version of the Featurette viewer is available on Github, but is not suitable for use as a primary viewer, and the capabilities are not supported on the Main grid. As such, this viewer should only be used by those wishing to test the capabilities.
    • The Rumpus Room 2048 region (and neighbours) on Aditi provides back-end support for the Featurettes viewer.
  • With reference to 2K textures, it was noted that while the viewer will have the ability to upload them, the actual ability to do so will be under the control of the simulator code; so just having the viewer-side update does not necessarily mean 2K textures can be uploaded grid-wide.
  • glTF terrain texturing: the focus has been on bug fixing and improving usability.

In Brief

  • Materials support for Bakes on Mesh: this has frequently been requested, and while it has a placeholder in the the Lab’s plans for possible implementation, it is is not currently scheduled to be worked on.
  • It was reiterated that blend shapes will be part of the work to support glTF scene import.
    • glTF scene import will allow and entire glTF scene file (scripts, node hierarchy, etc.) to be imported to SL and essentially “hung off” of a single object in-world.
    • Exactly how this will work, what limitations it will have, etc., in order to avoid “breaking” SL or opening griefing vectors, etc., has yet to be decided.
    • Similarly, glTF scene support will have its own Land Impact calculations, which are currently still TBD within the Lab.
    • Currently, glTF is due to start-up as a major project after the glTF featurette viewer has reached release status.
  • Splat Maps have been requested in the past with terrain painting. These are described as “in the early phase of consideration”, and if taken on, might be a “PBR Terrain Phase II” feature.
  • The subject of separating head and body shapes was raised – this has been the subject of a feature request, which has been accepted (Tracked). As always, “accepted” does not necessarily equate to it being quickly implemented.
  • Land Impact:
    • An update to the Land Impact is due to be deployed on the simulator side, in the Hearts and Flowers release (due to start deployment on March 13th, 2024).
    • This does not change the total Land Capacity (“prims”) for a region; but it does reduce the download weight calculated for meshes
    • This equates to a “15% discount” on mesh object Land Impact (all mesh with the exception of Animesh, not just mesh items downloaded after the update is deployed).
  • Reference was made to the upcoming shift of object inventory messaging moving to HTTP.
    • This should result in the contents of objects rezzed in-world loading “many time faster” than is currently the case.
    • The update will be deployed to the simulator code first, and then be subject to a viewer-side update.
  • With the switch to Github / Canny, LL is trying to be more transparent in terms of planning, projects, issues, etc., looking to have as much public as possible (except things like security issues, which need to be limited in who can view them for obvious reasons). However, while this will allow users to see more of what is in the works / being considered, it also means that projects and work can appear to sit apparently dormant for periods even longer than on Jira
  • How (viewer) feature requests are prioritised (in short):
    • Those which are accepted and form small, relatively stand-alone requests will be directed towards “featurette viewers” of the kind like the glTF featurette viewer mentioned above. The hope is that this will allow devs to pick them up and work on theme in between larger projects or when larger projects are stalled for whatever reason, allowing more of this type of request to filter through the the viewer more readily.
      • In addition, if this works and a Canny Board of such requests can be built-up, it might allow LL to open it to open-source developers to pick items they’d like to work on and then contribute the code to LL.
    • Larger-scale feature requests (such as adding materials support to BOM) will be subject to more extensive investigation / evaluation and internal prioritisation against other large-scale / high-value work, by LL.

Next Meeting

† The header images included in these summaries are not intended to represent anything discussed at the meetings; they are simply here to avoid a repeated image of a gathering of people every week. They are taken from my list of region visits, with a link to the post for those interested.

March 2024 SL Web User Group summary

Posted on by Inara Pey
The Web User Group meeting venue, Denby

The following notes cover the key points from the Web User Group (WUG) meeting, held on Wednesday March 6th, 2024. They form a summary of the items discussed and is not intended to be a full transcript. A video of the meeting, recorded by Pantera Północy, is embedded at the end of this summary – my thanks as always to Pantera for recording it and making it available.

Meeting Overview

  • The Web User Group exists to provide an opportunity for discussion on Second Life web properties and their related functionalities / features. This includes, but is not limited to: the Marketplace, pages surfaced through the secondlife.com dashboard; the available portals (land, support, etc), the forums.
  • As a rule, these meetings are conducted:
    • On the first Wednesday of the month and 14:00 SLT.
    • In both Voice and / or text.
    • At this location.
  • Meetings are open to anyone with a concern / interest in the above topics, and form one of a series of regular / semi-regular User Group meetings conducted by Linden Lab.
  • Dates and times of all current meetings can be found on the Second Life Public Calendar, and descriptions of meetings are defined on the SL wiki.

Marketplace

  • The Marketing Team has been working on back end and infrastructure work to upgrade the Marketplace. The updates should be released in the coming days.
  • There were some outages when deploying some updates in the past week, which resulted in issues such as ANS not appearing in Marketplace. This has been corrected, and ANS should be back and working as normal.
  • Once these infrastructure updates are deployed, it clears the way for some new features and UI updates LL has been planning.
    • In terms of UI updates, LL is planning improvements to the viewing products and checking out the Marketplace via the viewer, improving the display size when the floater is changed, and moving the MP so it will display decently on mobile or tablet devices.
    • The feature updates once again have a focus on search. These will include updates based on user feedback / requests, but details of what these will be and the likely time frame for deployment is still being finalised, so details to come. However, “some updates will come faster than others” in terms of information relating to them.

General Discussion / Requests for Marketplace

  • A discussion on making the shopping cart / wish list more flexible.
    • This included requests for more carts for different functions (e.g. a shopping cart specifically for holding items to be purchased as such; carts which could be used to save items for later purchase, separate to the one used for check out, etc.).
    • The latter was particularly popular, either as a cart or a “Save for Later” list (a-la Amazon).
    • Making the wish list function more robust / flexible  / visible (e.g. being able to have more than one wish list).
  • The above spilled into a discussion with the Buy Now button, with some wanting it to include the ability to buy and send gifts directly, rather than having to go through the shopping cart / checkout; some wanting a better distinction between Buy Now and Buy as Gift, as they believe people hit Buy Now mistaking it for Buy as Gift.
  • Both of the above will be looked into.
  • Coupons and vouchers: the ability for merchants to offer coupons and voucher for use on the MP is on the roadmap, but not currently being worked on.
    •  This spilled into the idea of “affiliate” linking – e.g. a person puts together an Flickr image of a look they have created and includes links to the items on the MP – when someone clicks on any of the links and makes a purchase, the originator of the photo gets a referral fee paid to them.
  • There is interest at LL in developing a “You Might Also Like” function / “Also Bought” (again a-la Amazon), wherein items similar to the one being looked at are listed or items other have frequent bought together with the item being looked at are listed (rather than the current merchant-generated “related products” list). But again, not on the current roadmap.

Marketplace Styles

  • Marketplace Styles (allowing things like different colour variants for a product in a single listing) had been given as a capability LL were hoping to deploy before the end of 2022 or early 2023 (see November 2022 Web User Group: new “Plus” subscription level).
  • It is has now been confirmed as something LL has “got designs for” and “would like to get to”. So, as per my January summary comment, if you are a Merchant who has been looking forward to this capability, it is probably best not to hold your breath for its arrival unless you’re especially fond of blue as a facial colour.

In Brief

  • Web Search (viewer):
    • LL are considering a re-working of the current web search page presented in the viewer.
    • The current layout might become “relegated” to being an “advanced search” capability, with tabs being added to the top of the page to make searching easier (e.g. by category – People, Places, Events – rather than having to specifically uncheck or check these on a per search basis.
  • It’s been noted that the use of the word “Resident” when used as part of an account name is inconsistent (e.g. in some searches / actions, only the user’s first name needed to be entered, the “resident” is automatically appended; in others “resident” must be explicitly typed in as a part of the name. LL would like to address this, but no work going forward at present.
  • A discussion on L$1 items, gifting and a “biasing” of top selling item lists., and the idea of limited L$0 items being gifted only to friends of the person using the item as a gift.
  • Further requests to make demo(s) a dedicated category on the MP, or to make a Demo checkbox within listing creation to ensure the metadata indicates an item is a demo, this improving searches wishing to include / exclude demo items without having to rely on keywords.
  • A general conversation on the MP and merchant’s perceptions on how people use the Marketplace.
  • A suggestion to have a Marketplace button in the Profile floater for merchants who have a Marketplace presence – or configurable buttons that people can use to point to their MP store, their Flickr presence, etc. This led to a discussion on Profiles.
  • The WUG meetings are “very close” to becoming biweekly.
  • Note: the video extends beyond the end of the meeting. As this is use chat, rather than specific put to LL, it is not summarised here – please refer to the video.

Next Meeting

  • Wednesday, April 3rd, 2024.

2024 SL SUG meetings week #10 summary

Posted on by Inara Pey
Woodland Café and Library, February 2024 – blog post †

The following notes were taken from the Tuesday, March 5th, 2024 Simulator User Group (SUG) meeting. They form a summary of the items discussed, and are not intended to be a full transcript, and were taken from my chat log and the video embedded below, recorded by Pantera – my thanks as always for her work.

Meeting Overview

  • The Simulator User Group (also referred to by its older name of Server User Group) exists to provide an opportunity for discussion about simulator technology, bugs, and feature ideas.
  • These meetings are conducted (as a rule):
  • They are open to anyone with a concern / interest in the above topics, and form one of a series of regular / semi-regular User Group meetings conducted by Linden Lab.
  • Dates and times of all current meetings can be found on the Second Life Public Calendar, and descriptions of meetings are defined on the SL wiki.

Simulator Deployments

Upcoming Simulator Release

  • The simulator update to follow Gingerbread remains  Hearts & Flowers, which will likely be deployed in the next couple of weeks. This mostly comprises internal (non-user visible) updates, together with these user-visible additions:
    • llSetLinkSitFlags/llGetLinkSitFlags – allow you to adjust the sit flags for a prim. It supports the existing two SIT_FLAG_ALLOW_UNSIT and SCRIPT_ONLY.
      • At some future point, SIT_FLAG_HIDE_AVATAR should also be added, so you don’t need to play an animation that squishes the avatar so they aren’t visible in something like a very small vehicle.
    • A feature for estate managers that will allow them to schedule automatic region restarts (see below).
    • A new constant in llSPP PRIM_SIT_FLAGS it will contain all the sit flag information, (including ALLOW_UNSIT and SCRIPTED_ONLY (the two older constants will still be available).
    • A new capability to load item inventory lists via HTTP (so items with large contents will load faster when accessed, although this will require a viewer update as well).
  • The next update after that will likely be called Spring Break. This might include notecard searches.

Schedule Region Restarts

Once fully deployed as a part of the Heart & Flowers simulator update (see above) this:

  • Will allow region and estate owners / managers schedule region restarts via the region console in the viewer (when updated).
  • Allows schedules to be set on a Daily or Weekly basis (e.g. every day at 06:00 SLT; Monday & Thursday at 17:00, etc.)
  • Has “vaccination” period of +/- 5 minutes of the selected restart time, so that all regions in an estate don’t suddenly restart at exactly the same time.
  • Allows any scheduled restart to be cancelled in the same manner as existing manual restarts.

Viewer Updates

No changes at the start of the week:

  • Release viewer: version 7.1.3.7878383867, the Emoji Viewer, issued February 15, promoted March 1st, 2024.
  • Release channel cohorts (please see my notes on manually installing RC viewer versions if you wish to install any release candidate(s) yourself).
    • Maintenance-W RC (bug and crash fixes), version 7.1.3.7983616888, February 22, 2024.
    • glTF PBR Materials Maintenance-2 RC viewer, version 7.1.3.7821226606, February 20, 2024.
    • Maintenance X RC (usability improvements), version 7.1.3.7721015131 , February 14, 2024.
    • Maintenance Y RC ( My Outfits folder improvements; ability to remove entries from landmark history), version 7.1.3.7790341084, February 9, 2024.
  • Project viewers:

Game Controller Update

  • Leviathan Linden has produced a new GameControl viewer.
  • This has new logic that detects the game controller device and produces the GameControl data, and can be used to drive a Flycam around.
  • The viewer leaves SpaceMouse and other 3Dconnexion devices unchanged, but disables the old game controller logic to drive X-Box style game controllers.

Combat User Group Update

  • It appears that after yours truly wibbled about the Combat committee User Group sharing the same acronym as the Content Creation User Group (CCUG), which could cause confusion, it has apparently been agreed the combat User Group will henceforth be know as the RTSS – the Rooty Tooty Shooty Society – which gets a two thumbs-up from me 😀 .
  • Rider has established two regions on Aditi (the Beta grid) – Gallipoli and Thermopylae (both being appropriate names) – with combat support so people can start getting a feel for the new features as he gets them written, and provide feedback at the meetings (the next being on Thursday, March 14th, 2024).

Region Crossings

  • Monty Linden’s update comprises: “We can now throw avatars into the sea twice as fast as before [so] Developer testing continues 😦 “.

In Brief

  • A request was made for functions that could be used to actively detect forces being applied (e.g. in vehicle racing communities its hard to police cheaters using the push or force functions they have in attachments/HUDs). The request was not to change the force/push functions, but detect their usage by another script.
    • This led to an extended discussion on how best to approach this, options, limitations, etc., running through the meeting for around 20 minutes, from the 20:19 SLT time point to the 20:41 SLT time point.
  • A further discussion of llHealth and Damage from around the 20:41 SLT point through to close to the end of the meeting.

† The header images included in these summaries are not intended to represent anything discussed at the meetings; they are simply here to avoid a repeated image of a rooftop of people every week. They are taken from my list of region visits, with a link to the post for those interested.

2024 SL viewer release summaries week #9

Posted on by Inara Pey
Logos representative only and should not be seen as an endorsement / preference / recommendation

Updates from the week through to Sunday, March 3rd, 2024

This summary is generally published every Monday, and is a list of SL viewer / client releases (official and TPV) made during the previous week. When reading it, please note:

  • It is based on my Current Viewer Releases Page, a list of all Second Life viewers and clients that are in popular use (and of which I am aware), and which are recognised as adhering to the TPV Policy. This page includes comprehensive links to download pages, blog notes, release notes, etc., as well as links to any / all reviews of specific viewers / clients made within this blog.
  • By its nature, this summary presented here will always be in arrears, please refer to the Current Viewer Release Page for more up-to-date information.
  • Note that for purposes of length, TPV test viewers, preview / beta viewers / nightly builds are generally not recorded in these summaries.

Official LL Viewers

  • Release viewer: version 7.1.3.7878383867, the Emoji Viewer, issued February 15, promoted March 1st, 2024 – NEW.
  • Release channel cohorts (please see my notes on manually installing RC viewer versions if you wish to install any release candidate(s) yourself).
    • No updates.
  • Project viewers:
    • No updates.

LL Viewer Resources

Third-party Viewers

V6-style

  • No updates.

V1-style

  • Cool VL viewer updated to 1.32.0.12 (PBR), March 2, 2024 – release notes.

Mobile / Other Clients

  • No updates.

Additional TPV Resources

Related Links

Noa Cloud: Master of Landscapes in Second Life

Posted on by Inara Pey
Maison de la Chouette, March-April 2024: Noa Cloud

Maison de la Chouette is a new art venue – at least for me – operated by the veritable Owl Dragonash, a superb patron of the arts herself, and also a talented Second Life photographer. A further gallery nestled within the Corsica South Coasters area, it joins the likes of NovaOwl and the galleries at Port Emyniad (and locations in between) in presenting the opportunity for visitors to explore the local landscape and trails and appreciating a rich variety of SL art (see: Art and a walk in Southern Corsica in Second Life).

I was drawn to Maison de la Chouette specifically because it is, throughout March and April, hosting an exhibition of art by Noa Cloud. The holder and creator of [REN] (of Noa is perhaps best known amongst SL explorers as the holder and creator of [REN], which I last visited in May 2023 (see: The idyllic beauty of REN in Second Life). Noa is a gifted writer, a musician and actor, and himself an explorer of Second Life. He is also a talented photographer-artist ([REN] is also home to his own gallery) with a focus on SL landscape and avatar studies.

Maison de la Chouette, March-April 2024: Noa Cloud

At Owl’s Maison, he is presenting fifteen images showcasing his landscape work, and they are both beautifully rendered and carry a depth of artistic express which mark them as instantly purchasable for display in anyone’s SL home. Several of the pieces offer images of SL’s wildlife and animals, generally casting them in the most delightful way of telling a little stories of love, companionship, childhood and fun, utilising characters he discovered on his journeys around SL.

The images are present in both panoramic and square formats, with the latter offering a patterned border around them. This reminded me of the old postage stamps with there “crenelated” edges resulting from being torn off of their printed sheets along the perforations surrounding them. This patterning adds to the sense of these images belonging to a special collectable set.

Maison de la Chouette, March-April 2024: Noa Cloud

Noa’s gift in his photography is to combine a skilled eye for framing and cropping with an equally keen eye for spotting both detail and the opportunity to offer a story with his work. The result is that there is a certain visual poetry imbued in the finished pieces; a suggestion that if they haven’t had a story or poem written about them, then one is due. Just take Solitary as an example of this or, on a more humorous and enchanting level, Beby Bird (which also stands as testament to the creativity of whoever is responsible for this pairing of birds).

Not that these are pieces that need to be dissected to be appreciated; they can be enjoyed very much in and of themselves, and the setting within Maison de la Chouette’s gentle Tuscan flair of villa and terrace (the is displayed both indoors (both floors) and out) demonstrate how perfectly Noa’s images lend themselves for display at home.

Maison de la Chouette, March-April 2024: Noa Cloud

I understand that the “opening” party for the exhibition – in reality, a mid-point celebration – is to be held on March 19th, 2024, commencing at 13:00 SLT with live music by Grace Loudon, followed by a DJ set from 14:00 SLT. Might see you there!

Slurl Details

Space Sunday: More Moon (with people!) and a bit of Mars

Posted on by Inara Pey
The February 24th, 2024, Chinese state media broadcast formally announcing the naming of the vehicle classes that will fly taikonauts to the Moon. Credit: CCTV

The China’s Manned Spaceflight Agency (CMSA) has revealed the names and preliminary drawings of the vehicles China plans to use to deliver its own astronauts – called taikonauts in Chinese – to the lunar South Polar Region.

For their human missions to the Moon, China is going the “easy” (that is, largely tested) way. No complicated drives to HALO orbits around the Moon and high-risk approaches such as 14 refuelling flights for the lunar lander after it has reached Earth orbit just so it can get to the Moon (yes, I’m looking at you, NASA – chuck the SpaceX idiocy, will you, please?). Instead, China is going a-la Apollo, using a two-ship system.

Chinese next-generation crewed spacecraft mock-up with its solar panels in the stowed launch position, displayed at the National Museum of China, September 2023. Credit: Shujianyang

The first of these has been in development for a while, and has been referred to in the past as China’s “next generation crewed spacecraft” designed to replace the Soyuz-inspired Shenzhou vehicle the country currently uses to reach low Earth orbit, as well as forming a basis for excursions further afield – such as to the Moon.

As announced by via Chinese state media on February 24th, 2024 during the Lantern Festival – the last day of traditional Chinese new year festivities and which takes place, appropriately enough during a full Moon -, the new class of crewed space vehicle will now be called Mengzhou (“Dream Vessel”). The name was selected after China held a national competition to name the programme, and is in keeping with the naming convention for its orbital classes of space vehicle (e.g. Shenzhou and Tianzhou).

Mengzhou is a two-stage craft comprising a useable capsule system capable of seating up to six taikonaut, and an expendable service module providing propulsion, power and life support. The vehicle’s overdesign is fairly advanced: a scale model version of the capsule was flown in space in 2016 on a mission designed to provide engineers with the data they required to finalise the capsule’s overall design and flight characteristics.

A second flight in 2020 using a full-scale proof-of-concept vehicle used to evaluate vehicle avionics, orbit performance, new heat shielding, parachute deployment and a cushioned airbag landing and recovery system. Currently, the first crewed test flight of the craft in either 2026 or 2027.

Four lunar missions, Mengzhou will fly with a crew of three and extended life support capabilities and additional supplies. It will be joined on missions by the Lanyue (“embracing the Moon”) lander. This again borrows somewhat from the Apollo missions of the late 1960s / early 1970s, being a spindly-legged craft built around a squat crew compartment supporting (initially) two taikonauts. Like the Apollo lunar lander, the craft is two staged; unlike the American lunar lander – which landed on the Moon fully intact, with the lower (“descent”) stage becoming a launch pad for the upper (“ascent”) stage for getting the crew back up to lunar orbit – Lanyue will use the same stage for both the landing and ascent phases of a mission.

Two views of a mock-up of a Lanyue lunar lander (top) mated to its large propulsion module. The black panels at the top of the lander are its solar panels in their stowed configuration. Note the collapsed rover vehicle mounted on the lander in the right-hand picture. Credit: Shujianyang

The second stage of the vehicle will be a propulsion module which will power the lander to lunar orbit and then “park” it there. The crew will then travel to lunar orbit aboard a Mengzhou vehicle and dock with Lanyue. Two will transfer to the lander vehicle and undock to use the lander’s propulsion module to decelerate out of lunar orbit and into a descent towards the surface. Once the descent commences, the propulsion stage will be jettisoned to crash on the Moon, while the lander/ascent stage will continue on to a soft landing.

Information on how long a time the initial crews will spend on the Moon is unclear, as the details thus fair released are ambiguous in their interpretation. For example: the term “six hour stay” is used, but both in terms of the complete surface mission and in reference to crew EVA time. Most analysts in the west believe the first missions will equate to the stays of Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 – so “six hours” refers to actual EVA time -, with subsequent missions staying for increasingly extended periods, up to the limitations of the lander in terms of consumable supplies.

Artist’s illustration of a Chinese astronaut on the moon. Credit: CCTV

Plans for Lanyue include the provision of a collapsible rover vehicle of a similar nature to the Apollo Lunar Rover, and several models of the lander show the rover stored on its flank. However, it is not clear if it will be part of the first landing(s) or a subsequent addition to missions.

For lunar missions, both Mengzhou and Lanyue will be launched by China’s upcoming Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle (HLLV) Long March 10. Due to make a maiden flight possibly as early as the latter half 2025, this booster is an evolution of China’s Long March 5, and is slated to be able to deliver up to 70 tonnes to LEO or send up to 27 tonnes on its way to the Moon. As noted above, each lunar mission will comprise two Long March 10 launches, one for the lander vehicle and its propulsion module, and one for the crewed vehicle. In addition and when used on Earth orbital missions, elements of the Long March 10 might be evolved to be reusable.

Currently, China is looking at 2030 for their first crewed landing on the Moon, with subsequent mission intended to establish a research outpost in the lunar South Polar Region. From around 2034/35 onwards, China claims this outpost will be expanded into a permanently occupied base open to all countries joining its International Lunar Research Station Cooperation Organization (ILRSCO), seen as a direct alternative / “competitor” to the American-lead Artemis Programme.

One Lander Goes to Sleep, Another Unexpectedly Awakens

They are in many ways the joint tale of two lunar landers, both of which suffered mishaps as they arrived on the Moon, and both of which have nevertheless met the majority of their mission expectations.

Japan’s SLIM

On January 19th, 2024, the Japanese Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM – also called “Moon Sniper”) arrived on the lunar surface – upside down (see Space Sunday: a helicopter that could; a lander on its head). Despite this, the landing meant Japan had become only the fifth nation to successfully land a vehicle on the Moon after America, Russian and India, and the mission carried out most of its assigned science despite being inverted, prior to the long lunar night (14 terrestrial days long) settling over it.

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) released this image, captured by the LEV-2 mini-rover, of their SLIM lander upside down on the Moon. Credit: JAXA

Lacking sunlight to provide energy for its batteries, the chances of SLIM making it through the long, cold night were low, but the mission team at JAXA, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, powered-down the craft ahead of night arriving in the hopes its batteries might retain sufficient power to keep the electronics warm until the Sun rose over the landing site once more.

On February 25th, this optimism was rewarded: following sunrise over SLIM, the team were able to establish contact – albeit it intermittently. Attempts were then made to resume some of the lander’s science work, notably with the multiband spectroscopic camera (MBC). Unfortunately, these were unsuccessful, mission engineers believing MBC may have suffered damage as a result of the extreme low night-time temperatures.

Attempts to engage the system were abandoned on February 29th when, with night again approaching, SLIM was once again ordered to go to sleep in the hope its batteries will again see it through to the next lunar midday period in the latter part of March, when the sunlight will again be directly on its solar array.

Continue reading “Space Sunday: More Moon (with people!) and a bit of Mars” →